The URL settings are stored in the wa_settings table. If the table is not properly configured you will have problems like this. One way you could do this would be to start by making a backup of the site and db minus the wa_settings table so you don't loose any info. Next you could go through a fresh installer on your live server, this should create the wa_settings table for you with the correct values in it. Once you have done that you can restore the other tables in the db and upload any of your files that you have updated. This should get you a live working version of the with all of the same products and data from your local setup.
